Mary Holland posted: " Flowering plants have a mutually beneficial arrangement with pollinators. Insects and other pollinators that visit flowers inadvertently pollinate them when they retrieve nectar and pollen – a win-win situation for both flower and pollinator. Occasi" Naturally Curious with Mary Holland
Flowering plants have a mutually beneficial arrangement with pollinators. Insects and other pollinators that visit flowers inadvertently pollinate them when they retrieve nectar and pollen – a win-win situation for both flower and pollinator. Occasionally, however, creatures opt for a short cut to a flower's nectaries and instead of entering the flower through its natural opening, they bite "robbing holes" that lead directly to the nectaries, bypassing the flower's reproductive structures; consequently they do not pollinate the flower.
Charles Darwin refers to bumble bees "stealing" nectar from flowers in this manner in his 1859 book, The Origin of Species. Nectar robbers include species of carpenter bees, bumble bees, solitary bees, wasps, ants, hummingbirds, and some songbirds. In this photograph a bumble bee is chewing a hole at the base of a Cardinal Flower in order to access the flower's nectaries more directly.
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