Taxonomy: Fam. Polygalaceae// Genus: Polugala// Species: Polygala vulgaris L.

Determined according to the botanical key provided in The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia (Micevski and Matevski, 2005).

Lifeform: Perennial; Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Distribution: Native  To Europe and Asiatic Turkey according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal.

Habitat:  Edges and clearings of woods.

Flowering period:  Spring.

Polygala vulgaris  – habit. Oak woods in the vicinity of "Saint Panteleimon" monastery, Osogovo Mountains, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Polygala vulgaris  – inflorescence. Oak woods in the vicinity of "Saint Panteleimon" monastery, Osogovo Mountains, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Polygala vulgaris  – inflorescence. Oak woods in the vicinity of "Saint Panteleimon" monastery, Osogovo Mountains, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Polygala vulgaris  – inflorescence with fruits (capsules). Oak woods in the vicinity of "Saint Panteleimon" monastery, Osogovo Mountains, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Polygala vulgaris  – stem with cauline leaves. Oak woods in the vicinity of "Saint Panteleimon" monastery, Osogovo Mountains, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Polygala vulgaris  – stem with cauline leaves. Oak woods in the vicinity of "Saint Panteleimon" monastery, Osogovo Mountains, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Polygala vulgaris  – basal leaves and stem with lower cauline leaves. Oak woods in the vicinity of "Saint Panteleimon" monastery, Osogovo Mountains, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Micevski, K and Matevski, V. (2005). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 6. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts.

Polygala vulgaris L. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens,Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:692570-1 [Accessed 29.05.2021].